FALSE PREMISES CONTRIBUTING TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTER DEBATE
Jerome H. Heckman
April 20, 1998
Your March 9 Viewpoint, ``The stakes are high in endocrine debate,''
presents some valid points and correctly warns that the endocrine
modulator issue is receiving increased attention, here and abroad,
primarily because of the professional spin work being done by the
publishers of Our Stolen Future. My good
friend George Makrauer has now jumped into the endocrine modulator
correspondence flurry with his
April 13 letter to Plastics News.
I agree with most of what has been said, provided it is taken in
context. The problem with the editorial, however, is that it makes
it sound as if plastics products, per se, are potential endocrine
disrupters. George's letter also makes it sound as if the plastics
industry's piece of this problem is the same as that of the chemical
industry. In doing this, everyone is proceeding on the basis of
a false premise.
While some of the endocrine researchers who believe chemicals are
causing a problem like to popularize their causes by pointing fingers
at consumer products to which the public may more easily relate,
there is no evidence that any plastic end product is a proper target
for estrogenic/ genetic concern.
Your editorial duly noted that ``endocrine disrupters'' (itself
a spinmaster's tag based on a still-unproven scientific hypothesis)
are ``synthetic chemicals'' that some are saying pose a theoretically
major public health issue that could dwarf interest in other environmental
concerns. Then, unfortunately, the editorial makes an erroneous
intellectual jump by moving from the allusion to synthetic chemicals
to infer that plastics are a major part of the problem because a
few scientists are saying they are.
The fact is that no one has seriously charged, or provided any
valid scientific evidence indicating that any plastics product is
an ``endocrine disrupter.'' Such data as they have advanced has
related only to a variety of chemicals, a few of which are among
the many building blocks used to make plastics.
The fallacy of relating often-highly reactive building blocks like
monomers with the almost-never reactive polymers and plastics products
made from them should be avoided and needs to be corrected whenever
it rears its head. It's about the same as saying people with high
blood pressure should avoid driving cars made of steel because salt
is used in steel production.
In my 45 years of providing counsel to the plastics industry on
environmental and public health issues, I have had to battle this
misconception almost every day. On occasion this deception has been
practiced deliberately by those who know that the public does not
relate to strange chemical names, but can be frightened if it reads
reports that household products are made from plastics constructed
by polymerizing such chemicals.
Implying that bottles are dangerous because some of their raw materials
are alleged to be is unscientific and just plain wrong. Indeed,
the record in the case of bisphenol A shows that there is solid
proof that BPA does not extract from bottles, when the bottles are
tested under appropriately exaggerated temperature and time conditions.
In large part due to some excellent scientific investigatory experiments
carried on by a Society of the Plastics Industry-sponsored Inter
Industry Task Group formed in 1994, it has been demonstrated that
BPA extraction from polycarbonate bottles is nondetectable with
methods sensitive to 5 parts per billion. Similar work by the Food
and Drug Administration and the British Ministry of Agriculture,
Fisheries and Foods has confirmed the task group's finding.
The bottom line: Let's all stop equating chemical building blocks
with plastics end products. To do so is a disservice to science,
to the industry and to the public.
Heckman is general counsel of the Society of the Plastics Industry
Inc. of Washington.